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The UN projections suggest that India’s demographic profile is currently younger, with a median age of 28.2 years against China’s 39 years. These trends clearly shows that our demographic dividend remains intact, but the clock is ticking to make full use of it. Our economic performance suggests that its demographic dividend has not yet been transformed into a durable high-growth path. As per the India Skills Report 2025, only slightly more than half of Indian graduates are employable, and the rest remain short of competitive job-market skills. Harnessing the demographic dividend requires a sharper focus on education, skilling, and healthcare, backed by entrepreneurship, higher female workforce participation, and fresh digital and industrial investment. Unless we address job creation, skills development, inequality, and the disruptions of Artificial Intelligence, its demographic dividend may instead become a demographic burden.